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Elliptical distribution : ウィキペディア英語版
Elliptical distribution
In probability and statistics, an elliptical distribution is any member of a broad family of probability distributions that generalize the multivariate normal distribution. Intuitively, in the simplified two and three dimensional case, the joint distribution forms an ellipse and an ellipsoid, respectively, in iso-density plots.
==Definition==
Elliptical distributions can be defined using characteristic functions. A multivariate distribution is said to be elliptical if its characteristic function is of the form
:e^ \Psi(t' \Sigma t) \,
for a specified vector \mu, positive-definite matrix \Sigma, and characteristic function \Psi. The function \Psi is known as the characteristic generator of the elliptical distribution.〔Härdle and Simar (2012), p. 178.〕
Elliptical distributions can also be defined in terms of their density functions. When they exist, the density functions ''f'' have the structure:
:f(x)= k \cdot g((x-\mu)'\Sigma^(x-\mu))
where k is the scale factor, x is an n-dimensional random vector with median vector \mu (which is also the mean vector if the latter exists), \Sigma is a positive definite matrix which is proportional to the covariance matrix if the latter exists, and g is a function mapping from the non-negative reals to the non-negative reals giving a finite area under the curve.〔Frahm, G., Junker, M., & Szimayer, A. (2003). Elliptical copulas: applicability and limitations. Statistics & Probability Letters, 63(3), 275-286.〕

抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)
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